Despite the coexistence of the spellings Corea and Korea in 19th century publications, some Koreans believe that Imperial Japan, around the time of the Japanese occupation, intentionally standardized the spelling on Korea, making Japan appear first alphabetically. The kingdom of Goryeo became first known to Westerners when Afonso de Albuquerque conquered Malacca in 1511 and described the peoples who traded with this part of the world known by the Portuguese as the Gores. The modern name of Korea, appears in the first Portuguese maps of 1568 by João vaz Dourado as Conrai and later in the late 16th century and early 17th century as Korea (Corea) in the maps of Teixeira Albernaz of 1630. The 10th-century kingdom of Goryeo succeeded Goguryeo, and thus inherited its name, which was pronounced by the visiting Persian merchants as "Korea". The name Goryeo itself was first used by the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo, which was considered a great power of East Asia during its time, in the 5th century as a shortened form of its name. The name Korea derives from the name Goryeo.
The name Korea is derived from Goguryeo, also known as Koryŏ, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. 9.3 South Korean National Pension System.9.1 Transportation, energy and infrastructure.It is a member of the OECD's Development Assistance Committee, the G20, and the Paris Club.
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Since the 21st century, South Korea has been renowned for its globally influential pop culture, particularly in music ( K-pop), TV dramas and cinema, a phenomenon referred to as the Korean Wave. Its armed forces is ranked as one of the world's strongest militaries and is the world's third-largest standing army by military and paramilitary personnel.
The country is the world's fifth-largest exporter and eighth-largest importer. Its citizens enjoy one of the world's fastest Internet connection speeds and the densest high-speed railway network. Its economy ranks as the world's tenth-largest by nominal GDP. South Korea has one of the highest life expectancies in the world, although it is facing an aging population and a declining fertility rate. South Korea is a developed country and is ranked as the seventh-highest country on the Human Development Index (HDI) in the Asia and Oceania region. The June Struggle led to the end of authoritarian rule in 1987 and the country is now considered among the most advanced democracies in Asia, with the highest level of press freedom on the continent. After the war's end in 1953, the country's devastated economy began to soar, recording the fastest rise in average GDP per capita in the world between 19. In 1950, a North Korean invasion began the Korean War, which saw extensive American-led United Nations intervention in support of the South, while China intervened to support the North, with Soviet assistance. After negotiations on reunification failed, the latter became the Republic of Korea in August 1948 while the former became the socialist Democratic People's Republic of Korea the following month. Japanese rule ended following the former's surrender in World War II, after which Korea was divided into two zones a northern zone occupied by the Soviet Union and a southern zone occupied by the United States. The succeeding Korean Empire was annexed in 1910 into the Empire of Japan. Following the unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea into Silla and Balhae in the late 7th century, Korea was ruled by the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392) and the Joseon dynasty (1392–1897). Its first kingdom was noted in Chinese records in the early 7th century BCE. The Korean Peninsula was inhabited as early as the Lower Paleolithic period. Other major cities include Incheon, Busan, and Daegu.
It has a population of 51 million, of which roughly half live in the Seoul Capital Area, the fifth largest metropolis in the world. South Korea claims to be the sole legitimate government of the entire peninsula and adjacent islands. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its eastern border is defined by the Sea of Japan. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea ( ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea.
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